ࡱ> AC@ bjbj̵ $$צצ <<8I]i2qq =#  @!JBJ90i,< :   Contributor: L. Passin, Department of English, LauraPassin2011@u.northwestern.edu Posted: 2010 Comments: I used this document to explain proper formatting of in-text citations, as well as how to integrate quotations into a prose paragraph. I handed it out about a week before papers were due. Final Papers: Quotation & Citation In general, your papers for English classes should follow MLA style for formatting and citation. You can find the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers in both the Core and Reference Collections (call number 808.02 M685 2003). Formatting Quotations Your paper should include several quotations as part of the textual evidence for your argument. You need to integrate quotes into the prose of your paper: dont quote and run! Every quotation needs context and a connection to your argument. Introduce the quote by identifying its textual context, including its location and general connection to the topic of your paragraph. [One example of Swifts use of sexual humor comes in Chapter 3, when the Emperor orders Gulliver to stand with his legs apart so the army can march under him.] Provide the quote in a sentence, making sure to identify the speaker and to cite the page or line number in parentheses. [Gulliver notes that some officers eyed his crotch while they marched: to confess the truth, my breeches were at that time in so ill a condition, that they afforded some opportunities for laughter and admiration (2342).] Give your interpretation of the quote, paying special attention to its language. [Though Gulliver claims to be confessing to a shameful experience, the admiration he claims the officers feel toward his outsized genitals emphasizes his virility.] Tie your interpretation to your larger argument. [This comically exaggerated masculinity deflates the seriousness of the military exercises, suggesting that discipline and state power can be undermined by the ungovernable needs of the human body.] Do not just drop a quote into a paragraph by itself! You will make your paper stronger by spelling out the connections between your argument and the quotes you use. Dont be afraid to state the obvious: remember, we all interpret the same texts differently. Your job in this paper is to convince the reader of your interpretation. Quotes four lines and under may be included in the body of a paragraph. Quotes over four lines should be formatted as block quotes, set on a new line and indented 1. They do not need quotation marks around them, but they do need citations. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. This is a block quote. (2322) When citing poetry, if the quotation is four lines or under, use a slash with a space on either side ( / ) to indicate line breaks: Loving in truth, and fain in verse my love to show, / That she, dear She, might take some pleasure of my pain (1-2). If the quotation is over four lines, use a block quote. Preserve all line breaks, indentation, and punctuation. Citations In the body of your paper, you need to identify quotes by author and page number in parenthetical in-text citations. Heres the format: Quotation (Author #). If the author has already been identified in the sentence or the paragraph, you can just put the page number in parentheses. [Ex: Swift pokes fun at Gullivers self-importance when he writes, they afforded some opportunities for laughter and admiration (2342).] If you are discussing more than one author, its important to clarify whose work a quote is from. [Ex: Herberts conflation of the erotic and the devotional might remind us of Holy Sonnet 14s declaration that the speaker cannot be chaste unless you [God] ravish me (Donne 14).] Refer to the MLA Handbook for detailed instructions on creating a Works Cited page. Each entry should include author, title, anthology title, location, publisher, and page numbers. You should use a hanging indent and alphabetize your entries. Example: Behn, Aphra. Oroonoko, or The Royal Slave. In The Norton Anthology of English Literature. 8th ed. Vol. C. Ed. Lawrence Lipking and James Noggle. New York: Norton, 2006. 2183-2226. PAGE   QR_i$ % I 5 K ? 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